Improvement in district and fire alarm telegraphs



J; H GUEST.

DISTRICT FIRE-ALARM TELEGRAPHS. I No. 193,650.

Patented Ju1y 31, 1877.

4 Shee1 ;sSheet 1.

N.PETERS. FHOYO-LITHOGRAPNER, WASNWGTDNv D C- 4 Shets-Slieet 2.

H. GUEST. DISTRICT FIRE-ALARM TELEGRAPI-IS.

Patented J'u1y 31 N. PETERS, PNOTO-LITMDGRAPNER, WASHNGTON, p c.

v 4 S heetsSheet 3.

J. H. GUEST. DISTRICT FIRE-ALARM TELEGRAPHS.

No. 193,650. Patented July 31,1877.

N PETERS. FHOTD-UTHOGRAPHEH. WASHINGTON. D C.

4She ets-Sheet4.- V J. H. GUEST.

DISTRICT FIRE-ALARM TELEGRAPH S Ne. 193,650. Patented July 31,1877.

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N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPNER, WASHINGTONv D C.

JOHN GUEST, OF BRQOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN DISTRICT AND FIRE ALARM TELEGRAPHS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 193,650, dated July 31,1877; application filed December 29, "1876.

This invention is an lmprovement upon that for which Letters Patentweregranted to me May 5, 1874, No. 150,566; and consists in anarrangement of circuit-connections, and in the peculiarity of theinstruments employed therein, whereby the expansion of the hard rubberor similar non-metallic solidis made to change the circuit-connectionsand give an alarm.

The elevation, Figure 1, and side view, Fig. 2,-illus'trate twoinstruments, in which the expansion of the rubber rod a is made to 'actthrough the levers b and c to open or close the circuit-connections. InFig. 1 these circuit-connections will be closed between 2.and 3 by theexpansion of the rod (1 by increase of temperature. If the parts are inthe form indicated by dotted lines, the expansion of a will separate 2and 3 and break the circuit. The screw adjustment at the end of therubber'rod c regulates the position of the parts so that the circuit isopened or closed when a defined temperature is reached.

In Figs. 2 and Figs. 2 the hooked end 5 of the lever c prevents thespring-arm c moving toward the contact-block 6 until the hooked end 5 isforced upwardly from behind the spring-arm e, liberating the same, sothat it immediately closes the circuit through 8 and 9, and breaks itbetween 10 and 8.

The manner in which these instruments can be used in circuits, eitheralone or in connection with distriet-alarm-telegraph instruments of thegeneral character of those patented June 11, 1872, and July 16, 1872, toEdward A. Calahan, or in connection with a hotel-annunciator, will beapparent on reference to the diagrams, Figs; 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

In these diagrams the parts marked B represent the battery 5 G, theground-connection I, the district-telegraph-alarm instrument, operatedby hand to indicate messenger, police, or other call, as in said Oalahanpatent; T, the thermostat, like that in Fig. 1 and where an annunciatoris represented, it is marked A, and a; is the main circuit.

This annunciator may be of any desired character; but it is shown with aswinging tag, 2, on a bent lever, thatis moved up by hand; but it swingsdown when the armature m is attracted by the magnet E or E, andliberates the arm of the swinging tag.

L represents an alarm-bell, rung by the electromagnet E, or byclock-work liberated by that magnet E.

The number of alarm-instruments I, thermostats T, annunciators A, andbells L may be increased to any desired extent, the circuitwiresbeingextended to include them. The number shown in thediagram is limitedfor greater clearness.

At the central station the battery B is located, also one or morereceiving or indicating instruments, 8 or s, which may be dials, Morseregisters, be1ls, or other devices, adapted especially to indicatenumbers by dots, thus, standing for 1 2 3, and

so on, the attendant being provided with a table indicating the locationof the instrument that is fitted to send that number, and what thissignal signifies, and a prearranged arbitrary mark or sigiial may beemployed to denote whether the signal sent is from a thermostat ordistrict or other alarm instrument.

The electric circuits may be composed entirely of insulated wires, orpartially of ground-' connections, or of two insulated wire-circuits, ashereinafter illustrated. v

In the diagram, Fig. 3, the thermostat T is in a metallic circuitadapted to a hotel, the

switch or press button at N being employed for the usual call to a room,and operating to close the circuit, ring the bell L, and drop theannunciator-tag A.

If the thermostat expands by excess of heat it closes the circuitautomatically, producing the same call, and the bell will continue toring while the circuit is closed, the act of moving the armaturebreaking the circuit to the magnet, as heretofore usual in alarms.

In Fig. 4 the thermostat T is shown in the normal position as closingthe circuit, and as breaking it when the rod 00 expands, the hammerstriking the bell as the armature recedes. I

Fig. 5 shows a district-alarm instrument, I, in the circuit, adapted togive a signal by taps circuit as is broken,

thermostat "and E to the battery,

' will ring'an alarm-bell. I be closed by the expansion of Ieitherthermostat,and short-circuit the current through E 8, 9, andlO)consists an actuating-springiq I the'arbor of the spring-barrelor'otherarbor, so that when this arm is turned back by a key woundand'held by the armor dog a.

the arm c'is swung back by the expansion of s H notches in 'its I I andnon-conductingmaterial', so thatas it re- "on the bell L at'the centraloffice when the instrument I is operated or started by hand; but anyother indicator may be used in place of the bell L. The thermostat T isin the main-line circuit or, and closes the same in the usual manner.When the'rod a expands' the which demagnetizes E, the armature falls andcloses the circuit a: at 10, the armature is attracted, and the circuitagain broken at 10. Thus the thermostat causes the bell to continue toring until the circuit atT is again closed.

If this instrument is used with a switchor press-button at N to closethe circuit at a room, then the annunciator A will be operated, themagnet E 'being charged'by'closing the/circuit at N. By making theconnections,

as shown, the continued expansionofthe will close the circuit through 11and in the fall of the annunciator-tag 2 that circuit'niight be broken'at 12; but if the connection remained, as indicated by dotted'lines,the magnets E and E will be operated alternately if the magnet E offersmore resistance than the magnet E.

Fig. 6 illustrates a'ci rcui t with a number of districtalarminstruments, Land shows how a main circuit, m, can be connected by awire.

to a thermostat, T, at any point,either near or remote, and the signalgiven by short-circuiting the current through thegrOund' to theinstrument 8 at the central station if the thermostat closes 'thatbranch circuit to the ground.

Fig. 7 illustrates how'two or morethe'rmo- I stats, T, can be connectedfrom them'ainjcircuit w by branch wires II to a magnet, E,"the armature,of which forms a stop for clockwork, so that when the thermostatcloses'the branch'circuit the armature is attracted and held by aspring-catch, and the clock-work The circuit to B will without breakingthe continuity of the inain circuit .70.

The thermostat mechanism (shown in Figs. I I of a circuit-wheel, k,insulated circuit-closing springs 22 and 23, with" an arm, z, uponapplied to the arbor k the spring is partly When the rod a, actingthrough the lever b, the arm 0' is liberated, and the spring turns thatarm' "and the wheelk. I pendulum or vibrator 1 limit the rapidityof An'escapement, l and movement, so that the circuit-wheel k makes andbreaks the electric circuit to give the 'required indicating-pulsationsto represent numbers,letters, or other characters at the centralstation. This circuit-wheel Z0 is made with periphery, or with]conducting volves it makes and breaks "contact with the ends of thesprings 22 and"23', andpro'l'uces pulsations in the circuit, and thenotches are positioned to give the prearranged signal to indicate at thecentral'office what thermostat instrument is operative.

In Fig. 11 the circuits are represented with special reference to theinstrument shown in Figs. 8, 9";ahd'10. The wheel Itha'sthe notches togive the signals, and the springs 22 and 23 are insulated. Theline-wires a: connect with 22, and "the 'bodybfi the""clock w'ork"andthe springs 23 are connected to earth G. The spring 22 in the normalposition is in contact with it, but the spring 23 is not, hence the linea: is complete through '22 and It andthe frame of the machine," and annumber of these instruments can 'bepla'ced 'in thfecircuit,

together with the district-instrument If the wheel 70 is turned inconsequence of the thermostat liberating the clock-work "that revolvesthesamefthe'springs 22 "and 23,

when both resting simultaneouslyon the edge of the wheel k, shortc'ircuit' thecu'rrentto earth, producing pulsations that'are' receivedand recorded onthe instrument s-"at'the cen tral station, hence theoperation ofthe tliermostats would notbe prevented. if the line wascut'or broken at anyone place,"as"'the"earth- 'connecuonis in the'middleof thebatte'ry', and by use of a switch at 15 the instrument I could bebroughtdn to 'actioneven with thejhain line cut o'r broken,'the circuitpassingthriiugh the earth andthe signahbeingreceived at s.

In Fig. 12 the'circuit-Wheel kisrevolvedas before, but the tscaement-vimtor l is" held by a lever-arm, 0, until the 'expansionj of thehardrubber rod a, acting upon thelev'e'r b and arm 0, movesthejlatterout' of the'way of the pin t upon 1 and allows the escapeme'ntto vibrate and the pulsations tobe sent through 22 and 23,"'as beforementioned. The arm" k -l'ormsa stop to the wit'dingerbons as todetermine the point at whichthe wheel k will be arrested, and in Fig.'14 this stop Iris representedas in contact withspring'iiet, extendingfrom the baseof the spring circuit c'loscrs 22,sothat the circuitwill"be reliably'closed through this i sprit ei and the 'clock 'workwhen the machine is woiind and a'tres't; but this arm of k 'separatesfrom?! when the clock-work commences to move, so that the wheel is" willgive the correct 'pul'sations'and signals. I f v This connectionprevents'riskbf the circuit being broken byoil ordirtup'on the arbor-ofthe wheel ligand it may be'u'sed with either-of the instruments in whichthis wheel kis" employed. I Fig. 15'is a section, and Fig. 13 apl'anview,

of another form of alarmfmechanism,"which may 'be 'us'ed with mypeculiararrangemen ts of circuits. 7 I i The disk 1;, of hard rubber'orother non- "m'etallics'olidfis sustained" at itsedge in a ring, 1;,and receives an ad -ustin screwyw," at

I or near'the center. This'presses upon the lever 36, and prevents thespring 37 thereof '0 expands, the center thereof and the screw'w areraised, and the spring 37 acts upon the lever 36 to press down one endof the lever 39 and raise the other end, liberating the stopfinger t ofthe vibratoror escapement, and allowing the clock-work to run andrevolve the circuit-wheel k, or give a signal or alarm in any otherconvenient manner.

By adjusting the screw to the thermostatic alarm can be made to operateat any desired temperature.

Fig. 16 represents circuit-connections with thermostats and a Morsereceiver at z, the object being to operate the relay-magnet R of themain circuit at at the central station by either circuit-wheel 7c, andby relay open and close the local circuit of the battery L, and indicatethe signal upon the receiver z. If, however, the main-line circuit :0 isbroken or cut, and the pulsations from either thermostat-instrument passthrough the earth, the second relay-magnet R will be operated. Thearmature of R is also connected in the local circuit, so that when theswitch 15 is changed the relay R will operate the receiver 2, and makethe same character of mark as is made by the relay B.

By this arrangement the relay R can be used with district-alarm or withthe thermostat instruments in ainetallic circuit, and operate a Morsereceiver, and when the current is sent through the earth in consequenceof the main circuitw being broken at any one point, the-circuit will beclosed by 22, 23 resting'simultaneously on k, and hence the relay B isarranged to close the local circuit on the front stroke-0t the armature,in order that the same character of mark may be made in the receiver 2by the local circuit through R as when the local is closed by the relayR in the back stroke.

In Fig. 17 a metallic circuit is shown that may contain district-alarminstruments, a battery, and a sounder, E, and this sounder will usuallybe charged, and if the main-line circuit is broken the sounder willindicate the same by the armature falling back, and the sounder may beconnected, as in Fig. 5, to

. ring an alarm when the main-line circuit is broken.

Into this main-line circuit one or more branches may be connected, asrepresented,

' each provided with the thermostatically-con- Ecuit'in which thedistrict-alarm instruments are placed. moving said lever; but'when theconvex disk In Fig. 18 a similar arrangement of circuits is illustratedto that inFig. 17, except that jthe thermostatsare of the'charactershown in gFig. 1', and in order to indicate'atthereceiving-station thenumber of the place=from=which jthe'si'gnal is sent I lead thegroundconnection first through a magnet that liberatestheclock- Work thatrevolves the circuit-wheel k.

In Fig. 19 the main circuit 00 contains district-alarm or similarinstruments I, operated by the battery B, and in this circuit is arelaymagnet, R, operating the local circuit and register z.

From the main line a; there are branch circuits and thermostats T or k,as in Fig. 17 or 18, and these connect'through the ground or a separateline to the relay R and battery B, and the relay R operates the localcircuit and receiving-instrument 2 which, of course, will only respondto the thermostats.

AtP Sis a fire-patrol station or engine-house, with a receiving orindicating instrument, z, and there is a battery in this circuit, and itis opened or closed by circuit-closing points at the armature of thereceiving-instrument z or by a second set of circuit-closing points onR, or the instruments 2 2 may be in one circuit thereby the fire-alarmindication is given at the engine-house or patrol-station, as well as atthe central station.

I claim as my invention- 1. The expansion-rod a and circuit-closinglever 0, arranged side by side with the intermediate lever b at one end,and the circuitclosing points at the other end, for the purposes and asset forth.

2. The circuit closing wheel 70 and actuating mechanism, substantiallyas set forth, in com bination with the thermostat and intermediatelevers, that liberate the mechanism by the expansion of the thermostat,substantially as set forth. 7

3. An electric circuit containing thermostats W-ith closed circuits andthe magnet of a hell or sounder, and a circuit-breaker operated by thehell or sounder, the circuits being ar-' ranged substantially as shownin Fig. 5, so that the bell is made to ring while the thermostat-circuitis broken, as set forth.

4. The combination, with a circuit containing district alarm or othersignaling instruments, of a branch circuit containing a thermostat, anearth-connection, and a relay from one station to a patrolor secondstation, where by the signals are given at the second station from thethermostats only, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of the wheel 70, springs 22, 23, and 34 with thecircuit-closing arm on the arbor W, for the purposes set forth.

6'. A relay-magnet in the main circuit anda in a branch circuit from themain line, sub- 1 the district-alarm instrument, substantially asstantially as set forth. set forth.

7. A-circuit containing district-alarni-tele- Signed by me this 9th dayof July, A. D.

graph instruments, battery, and indicating- 1874.

instrument at the central station, and thermo stat alarm-instruments inbranch circuits from E the main circuit, in combination with a relay-Witnesses:

circuit to an indicator at the fire-patrol sta- GEO. T. PINOKNEY,

tion, operated by the thermostats, and not by CHAS. E. SMITH.

